Loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a new nucleic acid amplification technique proposed by Notomi et al. in 2000, which has been widely applied in the fields of pathogen detection and infectious disease diagnosis, showing promising application prospects.
LAMP technology utilizes a Bst DNA polymerase with high chain displacement activity, which has the following advantages over traditional nucleic acid amplification techniques:
(1) Amplification under isothermal conditions reasonably avoids the inconvenience caused by the special temperature cycling requirements of conventional PCR.
(2) Efficient and sensitive, the amplification efficiency can reach 109-1010 orders of magnitude within 45-60 minutes, and the amplification template limit is only a few copies.
(3) Strong specificity, using 4 primers to identify 6 loci of the target gene, ensuring amplification specificity.
(4) Low cost, no need for expensive precision instruments and special reagents.
(5) Easy to operate, no need for pre denaturation of double stranded DNA, all tests can be completed in one tube.
(6) The detection is simple, and when a large amount of nucleic acid is synthesized, a byproduct – magnesium pyrophosphate precipitation is produced, which has extremely high specificity. As long as the turbidity of the sediment is observed with the naked eye or detected by a turbidity meter, amplification can be determined.
(7) By amplifying RNA templates and adding reverse transcriptase to the reaction system, efficient amplification of RNA can be achieved in one step.
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